{"id":387,"date":"2020-04-03T22:38:32","date_gmt":"2020-04-03T20:38:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/?page_id=387"},"modified":"2022-02-02T13:18:18","modified_gmt":"2022-02-02T12:18:18","slug":"dezinformace-lzi-hoax","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/","title":{"rendered":"Dezinformace, l\u017ei, hoax &#8211; 1. lekce"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Informace z cel\u00e9ho sv\u011bta m\u00e1me v kapse. Technologie n\u00e1m umo\u017enily p\u0159\u00edstup k informac\u00edm v rekordn\u00edm \u010dase. Jak se v z\u00e1plav\u011b toho v\u0161eho vyznat? Jak odhalit dezinformace? Jak poznat vylo\u017een\u00e9 l\u017ei? Jak se nenechat nap\u00e1lit hoaxem?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"pravda-a-lez\">Pravda a le\u017e<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:40%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/11\/Layer-13@0.5x.png\" alt=\"Pravda a l\u017ei\" class=\"wp-image-3380\" width=\"395\" height=\"347\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/11\/Layer-13@0.5x.png 789w, https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/11\/Layer-13@0.5x-300x264.png 300w, https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/11\/Layer-13@0.5x-768x676.png 768w, https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/11\/Layer-13@0.5x-600x528.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 395px) 100vw, 395px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Slovo pravda sly\u0161\u00edme kolem sebe \u010dasto. Mo\u017en\u00e1 a\u017e p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 \u010dasto. M\u00edsto toho, abychom o n\u00ed jen mluvili, je t\u0159eba pochopit, co znamen\u00e1. Ch\u00e1pat v\u00fdznam slova je obrovsky d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9. D\u00edky tomu m\u00e1me \u0161anci jeden druh\u00e9mu rozum\u011bt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Proto\u017ee nejl\u00e9pe k porozum\u011bn\u00ed pom\u00e1haj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy, m\u00e1me pro tebe p\u0159ichystan\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh o pravd\u011b a l\u017ei.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-audio aligncenter\"><audio controls src=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/04\/Pravda-vs.-le\u017e.mp3\"><\/audio><figcaption><em>Ta su\u0161enka je moje.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container\">\n<p><strong>Obsah<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/menu\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/menu\/\">MENU<\/a><\/strong><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/\">Pravda a le\u017e<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/2\">Vlastn\u00ed n\u00e1zor<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/3\">Sd\u00edlen\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/4\">Ovliv\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed a manipulace<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/6\">Dezinformace<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/6\">Hoax<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/7\">Fake news<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/8\">Kv\u00edz<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0158\u00edk\u00e1&nbsp;se&nbsp;: \u201a\u201aLe\u017e&nbsp;m\u00e1&nbsp;kr\u00e1tk\u00e9&nbsp;nohy,\u2018\u2018 ale&nbsp;\u010dasto se&nbsp;j\u00ed&nbsp;da\u0159\u00ed prov\u00e9st excelentn\u00ed maskovac\u00ed efekt. Dneska j\u00ed b\u011b\u017en\u011b potk\u00e1v\u00e1me v reklam\u00e1ch, v&nbsp;p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvc\u00edch na s\u00edti, v&nbsp;obalech na j\u00eddlo. Maskov\u00e1n\u00ed, to je jej\u00ed super schopnost. Jak&nbsp;\u010dasto kolem sebe sly\u0161\u00edme reklamy s&nbsp;nab\u00eddkami t\u011bch&nbsp;\u201a\u201anej\u00fa\u017easn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch\u2018\u2018 produkt\u016f. \u010clov\u011bk by&nbsp;snadno mohl \u0159\u00edct&nbsp;: \u201a\u201aTo&nbsp;p\u0159ece nen\u00ed le\u017e, to&nbsp;je&nbsp;marketing.\u2018\u2018 Ale&nbsp;pozor, <strong>le\u017e&nbsp;zabalen\u00e1 ve&nbsp;zlat\u00e9m pap\u00edru je&nbsp;po\u0159\u00e1d le\u017e!<\/strong>&nbsp; Ps\u00edmu hov\u00ednku, tak\u00e9 nepom\u016f\u017ee obal ze zlata. \ud83d\ude09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mnohdy lid\u00e9 v\u011bdom\u011b l\u017eou a omlouvaj\u00ed sv\u00e9 v\u00fdroky t\u00edm, \u017ee jde p\u0159eci jen o <a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/2\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/2\/\">vlastn\u00ed n\u00e1zor<\/a> : \u201a\u201aM\u00e1m pr\u00e1vo na vlastn\u00ed n\u00e1zor!\u2018\u2018 M\u00edt vlastn\u00ed n\u00e1zor je obrovsky d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, ale jeho pod\u00e1n\u00ed je v\u011bc druh\u00e1. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--nextpage-->\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"nazor\">Vlastn\u00ed n\u00e1zor<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:40%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/11\/Layer-14@0.5x.png\" alt=\"Vlastn\u00ed n\u00e1zor\" class=\"wp-image-3379\" width=\"365\" height=\"347\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/11\/Layer-14@0.5x.png 730w, https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/11\/Layer-14@0.5x-300x285.png 300w, https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/11\/Layer-14@0.5x-600x570.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 365px) 100vw, 365px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Pane\u010dku vlastn\u00ed n\u00e1zor, to&nbsp;je&nbsp;dneska siln\u00e1 zbra\u0148. M\u016f\u017eeme d\u00edky n\u011bmu v\u011bdom\u011b \u0161\u00ed\u0159it dobr\u00e9 my\u0161lenky nebo lh\u00e1t, jak kdy\u017e tiskne. Vlastn\u00ed n\u00e1zor je&nbsp;tedy opravdu dobr\u00e1 v\u011bc, ale m\u00edt&nbsp;<strong>kvalitn\u00ed<\/strong> vlastn\u00ed n\u00e1zor to u\u017e je po\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e1 fu\u0161ka. Pot\u0159ebujeme zn\u00e1t dostatek informac\u00ed, a ch\u00e1pat co s \u010d\u00edm souvis\u00ed. To v\u0161echno chce hodn\u011b \u010dasu. Kdy\u017e ho nem\u00e1me je f\u00e9rov\u00e9 p\u0159iznat, \u017ee na danou v\u011bc vlastn\u00ed n\u00e1zor prost\u011b nem\u00e1me. Je to mnohem lep\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e m\u00edt n\u00e1zor \u00fapln\u011b na v\u0161echno.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container\">\n<p><strong>Obsah<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/menu\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/menu\/\">MENU<\/a><\/strong><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/\">Pravda a le\u017e<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/2\">Vlastn\u00ed n\u00e1zor<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/3\">Sd\u00edlen\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/4\">Ovliv\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed a manipulace<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/6\">Dezinformace<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/6\">Hoax<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/7\">Fake news<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/8\">Kv\u00edz<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Kolem&nbsp;n\u00e1s b\u011bh\u00e1 plno takov\u00fdch, co&nbsp;maj\u00ed n\u00e1zor na&nbsp;v\u0161echno. Bohu\u017eel nejde o jejich vlastn\u00ed n\u00e1zor. Jen tlumo\u010d\u00ed n\u00e1zor n\u011bkoho jin\u00e9ho a sami si to mo\u017en\u00e1 neuv\u011bdomuj\u00ed. Pozor&nbsp;na&nbsp;to, \u017ee&nbsp;m\u00e1me p\u0159irozen\u00fd sklon k&nbsp;tomu, chovat&nbsp;se&nbsp;podobn\u011b.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<p>Moc p\u011bkn\u011b to vysv\u011btlili v\u011bdci : David&nbsp;Dunning a&nbsp;Justin&nbsp;Krueger.&nbsp;Vyzkoumali, \u017ee&nbsp;<strong>obrovskou sebejistotu m\u00e1me tehdy, kdy\u017e&nbsp;o&nbsp;dan\u00e9 v\u011bci t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nic nev\u00edme<\/strong>. Jakmile se&nbsp;pono\u0159\u00edme do&nbsp;pr\u00e1ce hloub\u011bji a z\u00edsk\u00e1me dostatek pot\u0159ebn\u00fdch informac\u00ed, sebejistota kles\u00e1. Skv\u011blou zpr\u00e1vou je, \u017ee se \u010dasem staneme&nbsp;odborn\u00edky! A je\u0161t\u011b lep\u0161\u00ed zpr\u00e1vou je, \u017ee s na\u0161\u00ed odbornost\u00ed z\u00edsk\u00e1me p\u0159esn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed odhad o tom, jak si stoj\u00edme, ne\u017e jsme m\u011bli na za\u010d\u00e1tku.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"2323\" height=\"1575\" src=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/02\/Dunning\u2013Kruger_Effekt-3.svg\" alt=\"Dunning-Kruger Effect\" class=\"wp-image-3951\"\/><figcaption><a href=\"https:\/\/cs.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dunning\u016fv\u2013Kruger\u016fv_efekt\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u010c\u00edm v\u00edc toho k t\u00e9matu zn\u00e1m, t\u00edm p\u0159esn\u011bji dok\u00e1\u017eu ur\u010dit, jak na tom m\u00e9 v\u011bdomosti jsou.<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/04\/Vlastn\u00ed-n\u00e1zor_dopln\u011bk-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-706\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/04\/Vlastn\u00ed-n\u00e1zor_dopln\u011bk-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/04\/Vlastn\u00ed-n\u00e1zor_dopln\u011bk-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/04\/Vlastn\u00ed-n\u00e1zor_dopln\u011bk-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/04\/Vlastn\u00ed-n\u00e1zor_dopln\u011bk-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/04\/Vlastn\u00ed-n\u00e1zor_dopln\u011bk.jpg 1440w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption>Fotografii vytvo\u0159il&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/unsplash.com\/@frankvex?utm_source=unsplash&amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;utm_content=creditCopyText\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Frank Vessia<\/a>&nbsp;pro&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/unsplash.com\/s\/photos\/idea?utm_source=unsplash&amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;utm_content=creditCopyText\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Unsplash<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Te\u010f u\u017e v\u00edme, \u017ee vlastn\u00ed n\u00e1zor je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd. Dostatek informac\u00ed n\u00e1m pom\u016f\u017ee k tomu, aby byl vlastn\u00ed n\u00e1zor kvalitn\u00ed. S takov\u00fdmto n\u00e1strojem snadno obstoj\u00edme i ve vyhrocen\u00fdch situac\u00edch v b\u011b\u017en\u00e9m \u017eivot\u011b. A co v\u00edc, kdy\u017e se n\u00e1m povede spr\u00e1vn\u011b utvo\u0159it a&nbsp;vyslovit n\u00e1zor, mo\u017en\u00e1 ani k \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9 situaci nedojde. Poslechn\u011bte si p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh o Hance, jej\u00ed k\u00e1mo\u0161ce a&nbsp;jednom parn\u00e9m odpoledni v kav\u00e1rn\u011b\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-audio aligncenter\"><audio controls src=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/04\/Vlastn\u00ed-n\u00e1zor.mp3\"><\/audio><figcaption>Kdy\u017e lh\u00e1\u0159 \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 \u201a\u201avlastn\u00ed n\u00e1zor.\u2018\u2018<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Vlastn\u00edm n\u00e1zorem sd\u00edl\u00edme sv\u00e9 my\u0161lenky. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/3\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/3\/\">Sd\u00edlen\u00edm<\/a> ovliv\u0148ujeme sv\u00e9 okol\u00ed v re\u00e1ln\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b i na s\u00edti. Jak se zp\u016fsob sd\u00edlen\u00ed informac\u00ed m\u011bnil v pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u010dasu?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<!--nextpage-->\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"sdileni\">Sd\u00edlen\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:25%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/11\/Sd\u00edlen\u00ed@0.5x.png\" alt=\"Sd\u00edlen\u00ed informac\u00ed\" class=\"wp-image-3396\" width=\"399\" height=\"375\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:41.67%\">\n<p>My lid\u00e9 milujeme p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy. Od nepam\u011bti je r\u00e1di poslouch\u00e1me s&nbsp;nastra\u017een\u00fdma u\u0161ima a&nbsp;\u010dasto je&nbsp;i&nbsp;sd\u00edl\u00edme d\u00e1l. Dnes&nbsp;sd\u00edlen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh\u016f nen\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd probl\u00e9m, ale&nbsp;jak&nbsp;takov\u00e9 sd\u00edlen\u00ed mohlo vypadat v&nbsp;dob\u011b, kdy&nbsp;se&nbsp;na\u0161\u00ed zem\u00ed proh\u00e1n\u011bli \u0161lechtici na&nbsp;kon\u00edch?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u0159\u00edve si&nbsp;informaci lid\u00e9 p\u0159ed\u00e1vali \u00fastn\u011b. Jednodu\u0161e&nbsp;jeden \u010dlov\u011bk \u0159ekl n\u011bco druh\u00e9mu, ten&nbsp;zase t\u0159et\u00edmu, a&nbsp;tak&nbsp;d\u00e1le\u2026 Proto\u017ee jsme hlavy d\u011brav\u00e9, dok\u00e1\u017eete&nbsp;si&nbsp;asi&nbsp;p\u0159edstavit, jak&nbsp;se&nbsp;p\u016fvodn\u00ed informace zkreslila, ne\u017e&nbsp;se&nbsp;dostala k&nbsp;pades\u00e1t\u00e9mu \u010dlov\u011bku. \ud83d\ude00<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container\">\n<p><strong>Obsah<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/menu\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/menu\/\">MENU<\/a><\/strong><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/\">Pravda a le\u017e<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/2\">Vlastn\u00ed n\u00e1zor<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/3\">Sd\u00edlen\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/4\">Ovliv\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed a manipulace<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/6\">Dezinformace<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/6\">Hoax<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/7\">Fake news<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/8\">Kv\u00edz<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Kup\u0159\u00edkladu takov\u00e9 hrdinsk\u00e9 balady. N\u011bkter\u00e9&nbsp;z&nbsp;nich, by&nbsp;se&nbsp;d\u00edky smy\u0161len\u00fdm pas\u00e1\u017e\u00edm, daly&nbsp;ozna\u010dit za&nbsp;p\u0159edch\u016fdce <a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/6\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/6\/\">hoaxu<\/a>. M\u016f\u017ee&nbsp;za&nbsp;to&nbsp;sd\u00edlen\u00ed od&nbsp;\u010dlov\u011bka k&nbsp;\u010dlov\u011bku a&nbsp;snaha vyprav\u011b\u010de p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy p\u0159ikr\u00e1\u0161lit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-audio aligncenter\"><audio controls src=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/04\/Sd\u00edlen\u00ed.mp3\"><\/audio><figcaption><em>Jak dopadne vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed o P\u0159emyslovi Otakarovi I. a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.radio.cz\/cz\/rubrika\/historie\/proc-zlata-a-proc-sicilska\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Zlat\u00e9 bule sicilsk\u00e9<\/a>?<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Aby nedoch\u00e1zelo k t\u011bmto \u201a\u201adrobn\u00fdm\u2018\u2018 nep\u0159esnostem, vymyslelo&nbsp;se&nbsp;p\u00edsmo. A&nbsp;tak&nbsp;vzd\u011blan\u00ed lid\u00e9 z\u00edsk\u00e1vali informace tak\u00e9 z&nbsp;knih. Kdy\u017e&nbsp;u\u017e&nbsp;si&nbsp;toti\u017e dal n\u011bkdo pr\u00e1ci s&nbsp;psan\u00edm knihy a&nbsp;z\u00edskal cenn\u00e9 suroviny, musel&nbsp;tomu, co&nbsp;p\u00ed\u0161e, pevn\u011b&nbsp;v\u011b\u0159it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u010cas b\u011b\u017eel d\u00e1l a&nbsp;p\u0159inesl prvn\u00ed vyn\u00e1lez, telegraf. P\u0159\u00edstroj, d\u00edky&nbsp;kter\u00e9mu bylo&nbsp;mo\u017en\u00e9 p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161et zpr\u00e1vy p\u00edsemn\u011b z&nbsp;m\u00edsta na&nbsp;m\u00edsto, bez&nbsp;toho, aby&nbsp;se&nbsp;dva lid\u00e9 osobn\u011b setkali.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<p>A&nbsp;potom to&nbsp;\u0161lo hopem. Kino, telefon, r\u00e1dio, televize\u2026 P\u0159enos p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh\u016f se&nbsp;skokov\u011b zrychlil. Z&nbsp;hlem\u00fd\u017ed\u011b se&nbsp;najednou stala sprintuj\u00edc\u00ed my\u0161. Nav\u00edc u\u017e&nbsp;nebyla pot\u0159eba, p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161et informace prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm jednoho \u010dlov\u011bka druh\u00e9mu. <strong>Objevila se&nbsp;mo\u017enost vypr\u00e1v\u011bt stejn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh tis\u00edc\u016fm lid\u00ed, n\u011bkdy&nbsp;i&nbsp;najednou.<\/strong> N\u011bco takov\u00e9ho je&nbsp;skv\u011bl\u00fdm n\u00e1strojem pro&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/4\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/4\/\">manipulaci<\/a>. \ud83d\ude09<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/11\/My\u0161-p\u0159edb\u011bhne-\u0161neka-1024x339.png\" alt=\"My\u0161 a \u0161nek\" class=\"wp-image-3400\" width=\"768\" height=\"254\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Ale \u010das se nezastavil. P\u0159i\u0161ly mobily a hlavn\u011b internet. D\u00edky n\u011bmu u\u017e je mo\u017en\u00e9 oslovit miliony lid\u00ed na cel\u00e9 planet\u011b. Nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed informace jsou na internetu. Tam z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1me p\u0159ehled o sv\u011bt\u011b, a&nbsp;to, co&nbsp;se&nbsp;n\u00e1m&nbsp;l\u00edb\u00ed, sd\u00edl\u00edme&nbsp;s p\u0159\u00e1teli nebo zn\u00e1m\u00fdmi. Ob\u010das i&nbsp;s&nbsp;\u00fapln\u011b nezn\u00e1m\u00fdmi. \ud83d\ude09 Jestli\u017ee d\u00edky televizi a&nbsp;r\u00e1diu byl&nbsp;prostor pro&nbsp;manipulaci, <strong>internet otev\u00edr\u00e1 dve\u0159e do&nbsp;\u00fapln\u011b jin\u00e9ho sv\u011bta.<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u00fdvoj jde kup\u0159edu. Mo\u017en\u00e1 je\u0161t\u011b tvoji rodi\u010de \u017eili bez mobil\u016f, internetu a po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016f. A\u017e bude\u0161 p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u011b na n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv\u011b u babi\u010dky a d\u011bdy, zeptej se jich t\u0159eba na&nbsp;to, pro\u010d chodili do kina. Je mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee ti odpov\u00ed: \u201a\u201aProto\u017ee&nbsp;televize doma nebyla.\u2018\u2018 \ud83d\ude42<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Proto mus\u00edme b\u00fdt ohledupln\u00ed. Je&nbsp;t\u0159eba je&nbsp;omluvit, \u017ee&nbsp;hned v\u0161emu nerozum\u00ed a&nbsp;\u010dasto jsou pomal\u00ed. \u010cas&nbsp;se&nbsp;zrychluje. Za&nbsp;jejich&nbsp;\u017eivota se&nbsp;z&nbsp;my\u0161i stal gepard, a&nbsp;ten&nbsp;my\u0161i snadno ute\u010de.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignwide size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/11\/Gepard-a-my\u0161-1024x314.png\" alt=\"Gepard a my\u0161\" class=\"wp-image-3401\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<!--nextpage-->\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"ovlivnovani-a-manipulace\">Ovliv\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed a manipulace<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:40%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/11\/Layer-1@0.5x.png\" alt=\"Ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed a manipulace\" class=\"wp-image-3392\" width=\"286\" height=\"375\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/11\/Layer-1@0.5x.png 571w, https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/11\/Layer-1@0.5x-228x300.png 228w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 286px) 100vw, 286px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"ovlivnovani\">Ovliv\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Abychom pochopili v\u00fdznam slova manipulace, mus\u00edme se nejd\u0159\u00edve mrknout na to, co znamen\u00e1 slovo ovliv\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container\">\n<p><strong>Obsah<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/menu\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/menu\/\">MENU<\/a><\/strong><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/\">Pravda a le\u017e<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/2\">Vlastn\u00ed n\u00e1zor<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/3\">Sd\u00edlen\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/4\">Ovliv\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed a manipulace<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/6\">Dezinformace<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/6\">Hoax<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/7\">Fake news<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/8\">Kv\u00edz<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>V\u0161ichni jsme ovliv\u0148ov\u00e1ni svoj\u00ed rodinou, kamar\u00e1dy, u\u010diteli, sousedy.<\/strong> <strong>Ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed n\u00e1s dokonce i&nbsp;lid\u00e9, kter\u00e9&nbsp;osobn\u011b nezn\u00e1me<\/strong> (youtube\u0159i, influence\u0159i, politici,&#8230;). Sv\u016fj&nbsp;vliv na&nbsp;n\u00e1s&nbsp;m\u00e1 i&nbsp;m\u00edsto, kde&nbsp;\u017eijeme. Lehce&nbsp;se&nbsp;m\u016f\u017ee st\u00e1t, \u017ee&nbsp;z&nbsp;tebe vyroste p\u011bkn\u00fd tlustoprd, kdy\u017e&nbsp;bude\u0161 \u017e\u00edt na&nbsp;m\u00edst\u011b, kde v&nbsp;okol\u00ed nen\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 t\u011blocvi\u010dna, \u010di sportovn\u00ed klub. Nebo&nbsp;se&nbsp;m\u016f\u017ee\u0161 vypracovat v&nbsp;prvot\u0159\u00eddn\u00edho program\u00e1tora, kdy\u017e&nbsp;t\u011b na&nbsp;\u0161kole oslov\u00ed u\u010ditel skv\u011bl\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edstupem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Stejn\u011b jako ostatn\u00ed ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed n\u00e1s, my zase ovliv\u0148ujeme je.<\/strong> Na\u0161e chov\u00e1n\u00ed a zvyky lid\u00e9 bedliv\u011b sleduj\u00ed. Tis\u00edce let se to u\u010d\u00edme. Dokonce na\u0161e chov\u00e1n\u00ed sleduj\u00ed i zv\u00ed\u0159ata. Nejv\u00edce si toho m\u016f\u017eeme v\u0161imnout na dom\u00e1c\u00edch mazl\u00ed\u010dc\u00edch. Dom\u00e1c\u00ed mazl\u00ed\u010dek p\u0159esn\u011b v\u00ed, jak se m\u00e1 zachovat, aby&nbsp;dostal pamlsek. \ud83d\ude09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ka\u017edop\u00e1dn\u011b ovliv\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed je chov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9&nbsp;d\u011bl\u00e1me schv\u00e1ln\u011b nebo nev\u011bdom\u011b s&nbsp;\u00famyslem druh\u00e9mu prosp\u011bt. V tom se z\u00e1sadn\u011b odli\u0161uje od manipulace.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"manipulace\">Manipulace<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>U\u017e jen to slovo zn\u00ed nebezpe\u010dn\u011b. Co potom jeho v\u00fdznam. Manipulace se tak\u00e9 t\u00fdk\u00e1 chov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dlov\u011bka v\u016f\u010di druh\u00e9mu. Ten, kdo druh\u00e9ho manipuluje je p\u0159ezd\u00edv\u00e1n manipul\u00e1tor. Chov\u00e1 se tak, aby se druh\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk rozhodoval ve sv\u016fj neprosp\u011bch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Manipul\u00e1tor z toho samoz\u0159ejm\u011b mus\u00ed t\u011b\u017eit. Velice r\u00e1d zatajuje informace nebo je v\u00fdrazn\u011b upravuje. My pak vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00edme vlastn\u00ed n\u00e1zor na situace, kter\u00e9 se t\u0159eba ani nestaly. Manipulaci v mal\u00e9m popisuje tento p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-audio aligncenter\"><audio controls src=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/04\/Manipulace.mp3\"><\/audio><figcaption><em>Kdy\u017e j\u00e1 t\u011b tak miluju!<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/images.unsplash.com\/photo-1518558406542-3dc7f0e69a40?ixlib=rb-1.2.1&amp;ixid=eyJhcHBfaWQiOjEyMDd9&amp;auto=format&amp;fit=crop&amp;w=2100&amp;q=80\" alt=\"\"><figcaption>Fotografii vytvo\u0159il<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/unsplash.com\/@mfassphotos\" target=\"_blank\">&nbsp;<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/unsplash.com\/@mfassphotos?utm_source=unsplash&amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;utm_content=creditCopyText\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Matthew Fassnacht<\/a>&nbsp;pro&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/unsplash.com\/s\/photos\/manipulation?utm_source=unsplash&amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;utm_content=creditCopyText\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Unsplash<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Manipul\u00e1to\u0159i nejsou \u017e\u00e1dnou novou skupinou lid\u00ed. Tito <em>chamtivci<\/em> jsou tu od vzniku lidstva. Dne\u0161n\u00ed doba jim v\u0161ak poskytla technologie, kter\u00e9 jsou pro&nbsp;manipulaci jak d\u011blan\u00e9. Vesele vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed <a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/5\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/5\/\">dezinformac\u00ed<\/a>, kter\u00e9 ve velk\u00e9m \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed p\u0159es soci\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b. Skv\u011ble pracuj\u00ed se strachem a sna\u017e\u00ed se n\u00e1s p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dit, \u017ee&nbsp;je po\u0159\u00e1d \u010deho se b\u00e1t.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kdy\u017e b\u011bhem druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky N\u011bmci zabrali \u010ceskoslovenskou republiku, pou\u0161t\u011bli v n\u011bmeck\u00fdch kinech kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 filmy. V&nbsp;t\u011bch&nbsp;ukazovali sv\u00e9 voj\u00e1ky, jak&nbsp;p\u0159ed\u00e1vaj\u00ed j\u00eddlo hladov\u011bj\u00edc\u00edm \u010deskoslovensk\u00fdm obyvatel\u016fm. Ukazovali&nbsp;se&nbsp;jako&nbsp;zachr\u00e1nci. Realita&nbsp;v\u0161ak byla p\u0159esn\u011b opa\u010dn\u00e1. U&nbsp;n\u00e1s&nbsp;byla \u00farove\u0148 \u017eivota vysok\u00e1. J\u00eddla&nbsp;dostatek, o&nbsp;pr\u00e1ci nebyla nouze. V&nbsp;N\u011bmecku v\u0161ak mnoho lid\u00ed trp\u011blo b\u00eddou. Takhle p\u0159esn\u011b vypad\u00e1 manipulace, kter\u00e1&nbsp;je&nbsp;podpo\u0159ena <a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/5\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/5\/\">dezinformac\u00ed<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--nextpage-->\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"dezinformace\">Dezinformace<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:40%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/11\/Layer-7@0.5x.png\" alt=\"Dezinformace\" class=\"wp-image-3386\" width=\"419\" height=\"355\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/11\/Layer-7@0.5x.png 837w, https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/11\/Layer-7@0.5x-300x254.png 300w, https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/11\/Layer-7@0.5x-768x651.png 768w, https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/11\/Layer-7@0.5x-600x508.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 419px) 100vw, 419px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Slovem dezinformace se&nbsp;posledn\u00ed dobou za\u010daly ozna\u010dovat t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 ve\u0161ker\u00e9 fale\u0161n\u00e9, popla\u0161n\u00e9 a&nbsp;myln\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy. \u010casto&nbsp;m\u016f\u017eeme sly\u0161et slovo dezinformace i&nbsp;tam, kde&nbsp;se&nbsp;mluv\u00ed o&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/6\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/6\/\">hoaxu<\/a> \u010di <a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/7\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/7\/\">fake news<\/a>. Pokud&nbsp;bychom n\u011bkomu tvrdil, \u017ee&nbsp;jde o&nbsp;to&nbsp;sam\u00e9, nic&nbsp;tak&nbsp;hrozn\u00e9ho by&nbsp;se&nbsp;nestalo. V&nbsp;t\u00e9to a&nbsp;dal\u0161\u00edch dvou kapitol\u00e1ch si v\u0161ak p\u0159esn\u011b vysv\u011btl\u00edme, co&nbsp;jsou dezinformace, co&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/6\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/6\/\">hoax<\/a> a&nbsp;co&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/7\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/7\/\">fake news<\/a>. Hranice&nbsp;mezi t\u011bmito slovy jsou tenk\u00e9 a&nbsp;mnohdy se&nbsp;vz\u00e1jemn\u011b prol\u00ednaj\u00ed. P\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u011b se m\u016f\u017ee\u0161 p\u0159ed kamar\u00e1dy \u010di rodi\u010di vyt\u00e1hnout, jak tomu v\u0161emu rozum\u00ed\u0161 \ud83d\ude09<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container\">\n<p><strong>Obsah<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/menu\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/menu\/\">MENU<\/a><\/strong><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/\">Pravda a le\u017e<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/2\">Vlastn\u00ed n\u00e1zor<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/3\">Sd\u00edlen\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/4\">Ovliv\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed a manipulace<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/6\">Dezinformace<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/6\">Hoax<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/7\">Fake news<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/8\">Kv\u00edz<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><strong>Dezinformace znamen\u00e1 z\u00e1m\u011brn\u00e9 \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed nepravdiv\u00fdch informac\u00ed za \u00fa\u010delem ovlivnit n\u00e1zor nebo rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong> p\u0159\u00edjemc\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pro \u00fapln\u00e9 pochopen\u00ed je velice d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 abychom si ke slovu dezinformace p\u0159idali je\u0161t\u011b dv\u011b slova, o kter\u00fdch jsi mo\u017en\u00e1 je\u0161t\u011b nesly\u0161el. Jsou to pojmy <strong>misinformace<\/strong> a <strong>malinformace<\/strong>. Misinformace je zjednodu\u0161en\u011b informace chybn\u00e1, kde se pochyben\u00ed vyskytlo n\u011bjak\u00fdm nedopat\u0159en\u00edm. Proto\u017ee chybovat je lidsk\u00e9, je vypo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed s t\u00edmto ne\u0161varem naprosto jednoduch\u00e9. Tv\u016frce zpr\u00e1vy se jednodu\u0161e omluv\u00ed a uvede v\u011bc na pravou m\u00edru. Omluva je v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b nejsnaz\u0161\u00ed identifik\u00e1tor misinformace. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/11\/Layer-8@0.5x.png\" alt=\"Slepota misinformace\" class=\"wp-image-3385\" width=\"430\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/11\/Layer-8@0.5x.png 860w, https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/11\/Layer-8@0.5x-300x279.png 300w, https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/11\/Layer-8@0.5x-768x714.png 768w, https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/11\/Layer-8@0.5x-600x558.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 430px) 100vw, 430px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/11\/Layer-12@0.5x.png\" alt=\"Malinformace\" class=\"wp-image-3381\" width=\"398\" height=\"379\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/11\/Layer-12@0.5x.png 796w, https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/11\/Layer-12@0.5x-300x285.png 300w, https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/11\/Layer-12@0.5x-768x730.png 768w, https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/11\/Layer-12@0.5x-600x571.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 398px) 100vw, 398px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Naproti tomu stoj\u00ed malinformace, kter\u00e1 se pov\u011bt\u0161inou zakl\u00e1d\u00e1 na pravd\u011b, ale m\u00e1 za \u00fakol n\u011bkoho po\u0161kodit. M\u016f\u017ee j\u00edt nap\u0159\u00edklad o zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed osobn\u00edch informac\u00ed, nebo o Tv\u00e9 fotky nebo videa, u kter\u00fdch rozhodn\u011b nechce\u0161, aby je n\u011bkdo vid\u011bl. No a te\u010f zp\u011bt k t\u00e9 na\u0161\u00ed dezinformaci&#8230; ta se nach\u00e1z\u00ed n\u011bkde mezi svou hloupou\u010dkou a zlou sest\u0159i\u010dkou. Je z\u00e1rove\u0148 chybn\u00e1 a \u00famysln\u00e1, chce\u0161-li z\u00e1ke\u0159n\u00e1&#8230; Pokud tedy m\u00e1\u0161 pocit, \u017ee jsi na n\u011bjakou chybnou informaci narazil, pokus se p\u0159ij\u00edt na to o jakou z t\u011bchto t\u0159\u00ed se jedn\u00e1&#8230; velice Ti to pom\u016f\u017ee s jej\u00edm dal\u0161\u00edm nakl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00edm.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<!--nextpage-->\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"hoax\">Hoax<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:40%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/11\/Layer-6@0.5x.png\" alt=\"Hoax\" class=\"wp-image-3387\" width=\"475\" height=\"365\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/11\/Layer-6@0.5x.png 950w, https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/11\/Layer-6@0.5x-300x230.png 300w, https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/11\/Layer-6@0.5x-768x589.png 768w, https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/11\/Layer-6@0.5x-600x460.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 475px) 100vw, 475px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Hoax v&nbsp;p\u0159ekladu znamen\u00e1<strong> fale\u0161n\u00e1 zpr\u00e1va, mystifikace, novin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e1 kachna, popla\u0161n\u00e1 zpr\u00e1va, v\u00fdmysl<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container\">\n<p><strong>Obsah<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/menu\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/menu\/\">MENU<\/a><\/strong><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/\">Pravda a le\u017e<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/2\">Vlastn\u00ed n\u00e1zor<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/3\">Sd\u00edlen\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/4\">Ovliv\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed a manipulace<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/6\">Dezinformace<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/6\">Hoax<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/7\">Fake news<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/8\">Kv\u00edz<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>V&nbsp;elektronick\u00e9 komunikaci se&nbsp;v\u00fdznam tohoto slova nikterak nem\u011bn\u00ed. Jedn\u00e1&nbsp;se&nbsp;o&nbsp;popla\u0161nou zpr\u00e1vu, kter\u00e1 n\u00e1s&nbsp;m\u00e1&nbsp;kup\u0159\u00edkladu varovat p\u0159ed&nbsp;neexistuj\u00edc\u00edm nebezpe\u010d\u00edm, p\u0159ed&nbsp;po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fdm virem, pros\u00ed&nbsp;o&nbsp;pomoc, a&nbsp;nebo&nbsp;chce pouze pobavit. \u010casto&nbsp;je&nbsp;ve&nbsp;zpr\u00e1v\u011b kladen d\u016fraz na&nbsp;to, abychom&nbsp;zpr\u00e1vu p\u0159eposlali sv\u00fdm p\u0159\u00e1tel\u016fm \u2013&nbsp;\u0159et\u011bzov\u00e1 zpr\u00e1va. V\u011bt\u0161inou&nbsp;pr\u00e1v\u011b podle t\u00e9to \u017e\u00e1dosti o&nbsp;p\u0159eposl\u00e1n\u00ed m\u016f\u017eeme hoax snadno identifikovat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Hoax&nbsp;m\u00e1&nbsp;\u010dasto jednoduch\u00fd \u00fakol. Chce&nbsp;vyvolat strach, \u0161\u00ed\u0159it&nbsp;fale\u0161nou radu, manipulovat s&nbsp;n\u00e1zory lid\u00ed\u2026. Mo\u017en\u00e1 Ti p\u0159ijde, \u017ee to nejsou hrozn\u00e9 v\u011bci a \u017ee o nic z\u00e1sadn\u00edho nejde, tak Ti zkus\u00edme uk\u00e1zat v \u010dem by mohl b\u00fdt Hoax nebezpe\u010dn\u00fd\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-audio aligncenter\"><audio controls src=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/04\/Hoax-1.mp3\"><\/audio><figcaption><em>\u201a\u201aBr\u00e1cha, tak tohle je hust\u00fd!\u2018\u2018<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Nen\u00ed&nbsp;moc b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 informace z\u00edskan\u00e9 z&nbsp;internetu ov\u011b\u0159ovat, a&nbsp;tak se&nbsp;\u010das&nbsp;od&nbsp;\u010dasu m\u016f\u017eeme st\u00e1t ob\u011b\u0165mi hoax\u016f, a&nbsp;tak\u00e9&nbsp;t\u011bmi, kte\u0159\u00ed&nbsp;n\u00e1sledn\u011b hoax sami \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/11\/Layer-9@0.5x.png\" alt=\"D\u016fv\u011b\u0159uj, ale prov\u011b\u0159uj\" class=\"wp-image-3384\" width=\"302\" height=\"375\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/11\/Layer-9@0.5x.png 604w, https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/11\/Layer-9@0.5x-242x300.png 242w, https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/11\/Layer-9@0.5x-600x744.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 302px) 100vw, 302px\" \/><figcaption>D\u016fv\u011b\u0159uj, ale prov\u011b\u0159uj! \ud83d\ude09<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/11\/Layer-3@0.5x.png\" alt=\"\u0160t\u00edt proti hoaxu\" class=\"wp-image-3390\" width=\"286\" height=\"368\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/11\/Layer-3@0.5x.png 571w, https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/11\/Layer-3@0.5x-233x300.png 233w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 286px) 100vw, 286px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 class=\"has-text-align-left wp-block-heading\" id=\"jak-se-hoaxu-branit\">Jak se Hoaxu br\u00e1nit?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Je&nbsp;to&nbsp;jednoduch\u00e9. Nen\u00ed&nbsp;na&nbsp;m\u00edst\u011b ihned uv\u011b\u0159it v\u0161emu, co&nbsp;si&nbsp;na&nbsp;internetu p\u0159e\u010dte\u0161. Ov\u011b\u0159it&nbsp;si&nbsp;informace z&nbsp;dal\u0161\u00edch zdroj\u016f nen\u00ed tak&nbsp;slo\u017eit\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jakmile usoud\u00ed\u0161, \u017ee&nbsp;jde o&nbsp;hoax, zpr\u00e1v\u011b&nbsp;nev\u011bnuj pozornost, ihned&nbsp;ji&nbsp;sma\u017e nebo ozna\u010d jako spam. Hoax d\u00e1le nep\u0159epos\u00edlej a p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9&nbsp;p\u0159\u00edlohy neotev\u00edrej!<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<!--nextpage-->\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"fake-news\">Fake news<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:40%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"494\" height=\"456\" src=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/11\/Noviny-news-fake@0.5x.png\" alt=\"News Fake noviny\" class=\"wp-image-3414\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/11\/Noviny-news-fake@0.5x.png 494w, https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/11\/Noviny-news-fake@0.5x-300x277.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 494px) 100vw, 494px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><strong>\u200b\u200b\u200b\u200b\u200bPod fake news pat\u0159\u00ed ve\u0161ker\u00e9 webov\u00e9 \u010dl\u00e1nky i&nbsp;p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky na&nbsp;soci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00edch, kter\u00e9&nbsp;se&nbsp;tv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed jako&nbsp;zpravodajstv\u00ed<\/strong>, ale&nbsp;\u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed o\u010dividn\u00e9 l\u017ei, v\u00fdmysly nebo&nbsp;polopravdy. N\u011bkdy&nbsp;se&nbsp;o&nbsp;fake news mluv\u00ed jako o&nbsp;fale\u0161n\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v\u00e1ch, co\u017e&nbsp;je&nbsp;voln\u00fd p\u0159eklad z&nbsp;angli\u010dtiny.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container\">\n<p><strong>Obsah<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/menu\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/menu\/\">MENU<\/a><\/strong><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/\">Pravda a le\u017e<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/2\">Vlastn\u00ed n\u00e1zor<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/3\">Sd\u00edlen\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/4\">Ovliv\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed a manipulace<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/6\">Dezinformace<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/6\">Hoax<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/7\">Fake news<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/dezinformace-lzi-hoax\/8\">Kv\u00edz<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>V&nbsp;mnoha p\u0159\u00edpadech jsou&nbsp;d\u00edlem ciz\u00edch zpravodajsk\u00fdch slu\u017eeb, kter\u00e9&nbsp;se&nbsp;tak&nbsp;sna\u017e\u00ed ovliv\u0148ovat ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 m\u00edn\u011bn\u00ed, nap\u0159\u00edklad&nbsp;volebn\u00ed v\u00fdsledky. <strong>Fake&nbsp;news jsou hlavn\u011b zve\u0159ej\u0148ovan\u00e9 na&nbsp;pochybn\u00fdch dezinforma\u010dn\u00edch webech.<\/strong> To&nbsp;n\u00e1m pom\u00e1h\u00e1 s&nbsp;jejich rychl\u00fdm odhalov\u00e1n\u00edm. Hor\u0161\u00ed&nbsp;je&nbsp;to, \u017ee&nbsp;<strong>jsou \u010dasto sd\u00edlen\u00e9 pod&nbsp;fale\u0161n\u00fdmi \u00fa\u010dty<\/strong> na&nbsp;soci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00edch. Ob\u010das&nbsp;na&nbsp;takov\u00e9 statusy nalet\u00ed i&nbsp;\u017eiv\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk. N\u00e1m&nbsp;se&nbsp;to&nbsp;tak\u00e9 n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t stalo. Pokud&nbsp;si&nbsp;v\u0161imne\u0161, \u017ee&nbsp;kamar\u00e1d nebo&nbsp;zn\u00e1m\u00fd sd\u00edlel fake news, upozorni&nbsp;ho&nbsp;na&nbsp;to&nbsp;v&nbsp;koment\u00e1\u0159i nebo&nbsp;soukrom\u00e9 zpr\u00e1v\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"overovani-muze-byt-i-zabavne\">Ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt i z\u00e1bavn\u00e9\u2026<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Aby&nbsp;byla&nbsp;fake news d\u016fv\u011bryhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a&nbsp;dok\u00e1zala v\u00edce zaujmout na\u0161e emoce, <strong>b\u00fdv\u00e1&nbsp;\u010dasto doprov\u00e1zena fotografiemi a&nbsp;videi. <\/strong>V\u011bt\u0161inou&nbsp;u&nbsp;nich nenajdeme \u017e\u00e1dnou informaci o&nbsp;tom, kdo&nbsp;a&nbsp;kde fotku nebo&nbsp;video po\u0159\u00eddil. To&nbsp;je&nbsp;v\u0161ak d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 informace. Bez n\u00ed&nbsp;se&nbsp;snadno m\u016f\u017ee st\u00e1t, \u017ee&nbsp;text v\u016fbec fotografii neodpov\u00edd\u00e1. T\u0159eba&nbsp;je&nbsp;jen&nbsp;fotka zachycen\u00e1 ze&nbsp;\u0161patn\u00e9ho \u00fahlu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed existuj\u00ed online str\u00e1nky jako&nbsp;<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/tineye.com\/\" target=\"_blank\">Tin&nbsp;Eye<\/a>, kter\u00e9&nbsp;um\u00ed <strong>vyhledat odkud video nebo&nbsp;fotografie u&nbsp;\u010dl\u00e1nku poch\u00e1z\u00ed<\/strong>, a&nbsp;kdy&nbsp;a&nbsp;kde&nbsp;byly pou\u017eity poprv\u00e9 na&nbsp;s\u00edti. Vyhled\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed&nbsp;podle obr\u00e1zk\u016f m\u00e1&nbsp;mezi sv\u00fdmi funkcemi i&nbsp;<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/images.google.com\" target=\"_blank\">Google<\/a>. A\u017e&nbsp;se&nbsp;bude\u0161&nbsp;n\u011bkdy na&nbsp;internetu nudit (pokud&nbsp;je&nbsp;tedy n\u011bco takov\u00e9ho v\u016fbec mo\u017en\u00e9&nbsp;\ud83d\ude42&nbsp;), zkus&nbsp;si&nbsp;n\u011bjak\u00fd ten&nbsp;obr\u00e1zek vyhledat taky.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"630\" height=\"303\" src=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/04\/Princ-William_1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-846\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/04\/Princ-William_1.jpg 630w, https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/04\/Princ-William_1-600x289.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/04\/Princ-William_1-300x144.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 630px) 100vw, 630px\" \/><figcaption>Na prvn\u00ed pohled to&nbsp;vypad\u00e1, \u017ee&nbsp;princ&nbsp;William ukazuje na&nbsp;okolo stoj\u00edc\u00ed lid&nbsp;prost\u0159edn\u00ed\u010dek,&#8230;<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignwide size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"640\" src=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/04\/Princ-William_3-1-1024x640.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-851\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/04\/Princ-William_3-1-1024x640.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/04\/Princ-William_3-1-600x375.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/04\/Princ-William_3-1-300x188.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/04\/Princ-William_3-1-768x480.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/04\/Princ-William_3-1.jpg 1440w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption>&#8230; ve skute\u010dnosti William oznamuje narozen\u00ed t\u0159et\u00edho potomka.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<!--nextpage-->\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"co-vim-po-prvni-lekci\">Co v\u00edm po prvn\u00ed lekci?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Prvn\u00ed lekce byla takov\u00e1 informa\u010dn\u00ed. Popsali&nbsp;jsme&nbsp;si, co&nbsp;jak\u00e9&nbsp;slovo znamen\u00e1. D\u011blali&nbsp;jsme to&nbsp;proto, \u017ee&nbsp;se&nbsp;bude\u0161 s&nbsp;t\u011bmito slovy setk\u00e1vat v&nbsp;dal\u0161\u00edch lekc\u00edch. V&nbsp;kv\u00edzu si&nbsp;m\u016f\u017ee\u0161 vyzkou\u0161et, zda&nbsp;jsme ti&nbsp;v\u011bdomosti p\u0159edali tak, \u017ee&nbsp;jsi&nbsp;je&nbsp;pln\u011b pochopil. Hodn\u011b&nbsp;zdaru!&nbsp;\ud83d\ude09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-ast-global-color-5-color has-text-color has-background\" href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/menu\/\" style=\"background-color:#dd3333\">Menu<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"dalsi-lekce-co-je-fake-news\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.probud.cz\/fakenews\/co-je-fake-news\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"1008\">Dal\u0161\u00ed lekce: Co je fake news?<\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Tady se&nbsp;p\u011bkn\u011b zbl\u00edzka kouk\u00e1me na&nbsp;zoubek fake&nbsp;news. <strong>Kde&nbsp;se&nbsp;s&nbsp;n\u00ed&nbsp;m\u016f\u017eeme setkat? Kdo&nbsp;a&nbsp;pro\u010d j\u00ed&nbsp;vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ukazujeme&nbsp;re\u00e1ln\u00e9 fake&nbsp;news, kter\u00e9&nbsp;byly odhaleny<\/strong> a&nbsp;vysv\u011btlujeme pro\u010d&nbsp;na&nbsp;n\u00e1s tak&nbsp;siln\u011b p\u016fsob\u00ed a&nbsp;<strong>pro\u010d&nbsp;se&nbsp;docela r\u00e1di nech\u00e1v\u00e1me oklamat<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/forms\/d\/e\/1FAIpQLSe6irovhiX71g8kGTfFZyvBeT3KlCNSsQrFbvsMUZ5wHPmc5A\/viewform?embedded=true\" width=\"640\" height=\"886\" frameborder=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\">Na\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed\u2026<\/iframe><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Informace z cel\u00e9ho sv\u011bta m\u00e1me v kapse. Technologie n\u00e1m umo\u017enily p\u0159\u00edstup k informac\u00edm v rekordn\u00edm \u010dase. Jak se v z\u00e1plav\u011b toho v\u0161eho vyznat? Jak odhalit dezinformace? Jak poznat vylo\u017een\u00e9 l\u017ei? Jak se nenechat nap\u00e1lit hoaxem? Pravda a le\u017e Slovo pravda sly\u0161\u00edme kolem sebe \u010dasto. Mo\u017en\u00e1 a\u017e p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 \u010dasto. 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